Fig. 4

Effect of LY2405319 supplementation on muscle during critical illness. a Plasma FGF21 concentrations in healthy mice and placebo- or LY2405319-treated critically ill mice. b Survival of critically ill mice treated with placebo or LY2405319, 5 of 21 (23.8%) placebo-treated mice and 3 of 21 (14.3%) LY2405319-treated mice did not survive the preset time period of critical illness (Logrank p = 0.4). c Change in body weight after 5 days of critical illness or pair-feeding. d Hydration ratio, fat mass loss and dry lean body mass (LBM) loss, quantified based on MRI measurements. e Absolute maximal tetanic force of the EDL muscle as measured ex vivo. f Musculus tibialis anterior dry weight. g Relative mRNA expression of markers of atrophy in gastrocnemius muscle. h Ratio of phosphorylated over total p70S6K1 and eIF2α protein expression in gastrocnemius muscle. i Markers of mitochondrial function in tibialis anterior muscle. Citrate synthase, complex I and V activity. j Markers of autophagy in gastrocnemius muscle. Relative protein expression of LC3-II and p62. k Relative mRNA expression of markers of ER stress in gastrocnemius muscle. Gene expression data are shown relative to the mean of healthy pair-fed mice. a, c, d, f-k Healthy control, placebo: n = 18; Healthy control, LY2405319: n = 16; Critically ill, placebo: n = 16; Critically ill, LY2405319: n = 18. e Healthy control: n = 15; Healthy control, LY2405319: n = 14; Critically ill, placebo: n = 15; Critically ill, LY2405319: n = 15. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 between healthy control and critically ill mice and § p < 0.05, §§ p < 0.01 between mice treated with placebo or with LY2405319