The endogenous molecular clock orchestrates the temporal separation of substrate metabolism in skeletal muscle

Skeletal Muscle

Table 1 Fiber-type specific gene expression changes in iMS- Bmal1 ^−/−

Gene symbol	Fast or slow	Gene description	ΔExpression (Tam/Veh)	Student’s t test
Atp2a1	Fast	Calcium handling	0.99	ns
Atp2a2	Slow	Calcium handling	1.06	ns
Calm3	Fast	Calcium handling	0.84	***
Casq1	Fast	Calcium handling	1.00	ns
Casq2	Slow	Calcium handling	2.89	***
Itpr1	Fast	Calcium handling	1.05	ns
Pvalb	Fast	Calcium handling	1.02	ns
Ankrd2	Slow	Nuclear receptor	1.66	*
Csrp3	Slow	Nuclear receptor	2.13	**
Fhl1	Slow	Nuclear receptor	1.28	**
Nfatc2	Slow	Nuclear receptor	0.88	ns
Pdlim1	Slow	Nuclear receptor	1.51	***
Ppara	Slow	Nuclear receptor	1.23	*
Ppargc1a	Fast	Nuclear receptor	0.83	*
Sos2	Fast	Nuclear receptor	0.84	***

Average gene expression changes of calcium handling and nuclear receptor genes in iMS-Bmal1 ^−/−. ns, non-significant; *P ≤ 0.05; **P ≤ 0.01; ***P ≤ 0.001.

ISSN: 2044-5040