Fig. 6

Administration of an antioxidant drug ameliorates HDAC4mKO muscle structure following denervation. a Weight of HDAC4mKO TA muscles without (−) or with Trolox (TRX) treatment, over contralateral ones, 4 weeks after denervation. Data are shown as mean ± SEM; n = 3; two-way ANOVA revealed an interaction (F = 12; df 1; p = 0.0085); *p < 0.05 by Tukey’s HSD test. b Hematoxylin and eosin staining of HDAC4mKO contralateral and denervated muscles, 4 weeks after denervation, without (−) or with Trolox treatment. Scale bar = 50 μm. c Number of myofibers in HDAC4mKO contralateral and denervated muscles, 4 weeks after denervation, without (−) or after Trolox treatment. n = 3. Quantitative distribution analysis of fiber cross-sectional area of HDAC4mKO mice, following 4 weeks of denervation, without or with Trolox treatment. Data are shown as mean ± SEM. n = 3; two-way ANOVA revealed an effect of denervation (F = 7.25; df 1; p = 0.021 for 500–1000 μm² class). d HDAC4mKO muscles labeled for laminin (green) and IgG (red), 4 weeks after denervation and relative quantification. Scale bar = 50 μm. n = 3; two-way ANOVA revealed an interaction (F = 9.26; df 1; p = 0.013); *p < 0.05 by Tukey’s HSD test. e Immunostaining for CD68 (green) and laminin (red) of HDAC4mKO muscles, 4 weeks after denervation, without (−) or with Trolox treatment, with relative quantification. Scale bar = 25 μm. n = 3; two-way ANOVA revealed an interaction (F = 6.07; df 1; p = 0.035); *p < 0.05 by Tukey’s HSD test. f Masson’s trichrome staining of HDAC4mKO contralateral and denervated muscles, 4 weeks after denervation, without (−) or with Trolox treatment, with relative quantification. Scale bar = 50 μm. n = 3; two-way ANOVA revealed an interaction (F = 38.75; df 1; p = 0.0003); *p < 0.05 by Tukey’s HSD test.