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Table 4 Histological analyses for skeletal muscles and serum creatinine kinase levels among groups of P448Lneo (FKRP) without and with treadmill exercise (FKRP-treadmill) and control (BL6) mice at 6 months of age

From: Skeletal, cardiac, and respiratory muscle function and histopathology in the P448Lneo− mouse model of FKRP-deficient muscular dystrophy

Measurement

BL6 control

FKRP

FKRP-treadmill

Significantly different groups (adjusted p values using ANOVA followed by post hoc analysis)

N

Mean ± SD

N

Mean ± SD

N

Mean ± SD

Inflammation

(foci/mm2)

GAS

8

0.03 ± 0.03

8

0.5 ± 0.4

12

0.9 ± 0.3

#BL6 vs FKRP-treadmill: p < 0.0001

Quad

8

0.05 ± 0.04

8

0.6 ± 0.2

12

1.1 ± 0.5

#BL6 vs FKRP: p < 0.01,

#BL6 vs FKRP-treadmill: p < 0.0001

Triceps

8

0.04 ± 0.06

8

0.6 ± 0.4

12

1.1 ± 0.3

#BL6 vs FKRP: p < 0.01,

#BL6 vs FKRP-treadmill: p < 0.0001

% fibrosis

Quad

8

0.29 ± 0.07

8

0.41 ± 0.18

12

0.61 ± 0.15

BL6 vs FKRP-treadmill: p < 0.001,

FKRP vs FKRP-treadmill: p < 0.05

 

GAS

3

0.47 ± 0.23

3

46.18 ± 5.4

3

38.44 ± 5.1

NP

% central nucleation

Quad

3

0.2 ± 0.3

3

56.0 ± 1.9

3

51.1 ± 2.1

NP

 

Triceps

3

1.44 ± 1.11

3

65.71 ± 1.1

3

75.16 ± 8.4

NP

 

GAS

3

34.27 ± 0.7

3

37.9 ± 3.6

3

42.7 ± 2.6

NP

Fiber diameter size (μm)

Quad

3

48.2 ± 5.5

3

44.8 ± 1.2

3

49.7 ± 1.6

NP

 

Triceps

3

37.75 ± 1.2

3

37.03 ± 1.8

3

43.70 ± 2.0

NP

 

GAS

3

0.5 ± 0.2

3

7.6 ± 5.4

3

10.7 ± 5.1

NP

SD of % central nucleation

Quad

3

0.4 ± 0.5

3

8.9 ± 3.9

3

12.6 ± 4.4

NP

 

Triceps

3

1.28 ± 1.1

3

15.94 ± 1.1

3

8.17 ± 8.4

NP

 

GAS

3

1.93 ± 0.7

3

8.5 ± 3.6

3

8.73 ± 2.6

NP

SD of fiber size

Quad

3

11.8 ± 1.3

3

20.5 ± 1.8

3

21.5 ± 1.9

NP

 

Triceps

3

1.93 ± 1.2

3

4.8 ± 1.8

3

6.96 ± 2.0

NP

Serum creatinine kinase(μ/l)

8

254 ± 131

7

749 ± 405

12

947 ± 575

BL6 VS. FKRP-treadmill: p < 0.05

  1. #Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn’s multiple comparison test used. Statistical measures not performed on measures with N = 3. GAS gastrocnemius, Quad quadriceps, SD standard deviation, NP not performed