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Table 1 Effect of clenbuterol on skeletal muscle fiber composition of EDL

From: β-arrestin 1 regulates β2-adrenergic receptor-mediated skeletal muscle hypertrophy and contractility

 

WT

βarr1KO

P value

Vehicle

Clenbuterol

Vehicle

Clenbuterol

Drug

Strain

EDL

 I (%)

0.0 ± 0.0

0.1 ± 0.1

0.3 ± 0.2

0.9 ± 0.5

  

 IIa (%)

12.7 ± 1.6

11.4 ± 1.4

13.7 ± 1.3

9.6 ± 1.7 *

  

 IIb (%)

59.2 ± 3.7

68.4 ± 3.3 *

65.2 ± 2.3

73.7 ± 2.8 **

*

 

 IIx (%)

28.1 ± 4.9

20.1 ± 2.1 **

20.8 ± 1.9

15.8 ± 2.2 *

*

 

 I + IIa (%)

12.7 ± 1.6

11.5 ± 1.2

14.0 ± 1.4

10.5 ± 1.3 *

  

 IIb + IIx (%)

87.3 ± 1.6

88.5 ± 1.2

86.0 ± 1.4

89.5 ± 1.3 *

  

 N

7

8

7

8

  

Soleus

 I (%)

48.8 ± 1.4

44.2 ± 1.8

48.9 ± 3.6

51.0 ± 2.0

  

 IIa (%)

44.6 ± 1.6

44.5 ± 1.4

42.8 ± 3.3

36.6 ± 1.7

 

*

 IIb (%)

0.0 ± 0.0

2.5 ± 0.8 *

1.3 ± 0.8

5.0 ± 1.2 *

**

*

 IIx (%)

6.7 ± 1.1

8.8 ± 0.9

7.0 ± 1.2

7.4 ± 1.2

  

 I + IIa (%)

93.3 ± 1.1

88.8 ± 1.1 *

91.8 ± 1.3

87.6 ± 1.1 *

**

 

 IIb + IIx (%)

6.7 ± 1.1

11.3 ± 1.1 *

8.2 ± 1.3

12.4 ± 1.1*

**

 

 N

6

8

7

8

  

Plantaris

 I (%)

0.0 ± 0.0

0.5 ± 1.2

2.9 ± 0.6

1.2 ± 0.3

 

*

 IIa (%)

33.3 ± 2.2

25.8 ± 2.0 *

23.7 ± 3.3

20.2 ± 0.8

*

**

 IIb (%)

48.2 ± 3.7

58.3 ± 3.2 *

52.2 ± 4.7

68.5 ± 1.3 **

***

*

 IIx (%)

18.6 ± 2.3

15.1 ± 2.6

21.2 ± 1.5

10.2 ± 1.0 **

**

 

 I + IIa (%)

33.3 ± 2.4

26.2 ± 2.0 *

26.6 ± 3.5

21.4 ± 0.8

*

*

 IIb + IIx (%)

66.7 ± 2.4

73.8 ± 2.0 *

73.4 ± 3.5

78.6 ± 0.8

*

*

 N

7

8

7

8

  
  1. Values are means ± SEM. N, the number of muscles utilized for the analysis. P value next to the numbers compared to vehicle treatment. P values for drug and strain were calculated by a two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison test. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001