Table 1 Patient characteristics
|  | All (n = 30) | Males (n = 20) | Females (n = 10) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, mean years ± SD (Min-Max) | 64 ± 11 (38–81) | 63 ± 13 (38–81) | 67 ± 7 (52–77) | 0.71 |
Tumor type, % (n) | Â | Â | Â | 0.68 |
 Colorectal | 37 (11) | 35 (7) | 40 (4) |  |
 Pancreas | 30 (9) | 25 (5) | 40 (4) |  |
 Liver | 10 (3) | 10 (2) | 10 (1) |  |
 Bile duct | 7 (2) | 10 (2) | 0 (0) |  |
 Gallbladder | 7 (2) | 5 (1) | 10 (1) |  |
 Others | 9 (3) | 15 (3) | 0 (0) |  |
Tumor stage, % (n) | Â | Â | Â | 0.22 |
 I | 3.3 (1) | 5 (1) | 0 (0) |  |
 II | 3.3 (1) | 5 (1) | 0 (0) |  |
 III | 13 (4) | 10 (2) | 20 (2) |  |
 IV | 67 (20) | 60 (12) | 80 (8) |  |
N/A | 13.3 (4) | 20 (4) | 0 (0) | Â |
BMI (kg/m2), mean ± SD | 27 ± 7 | 27 ± 6 | 26 ± 9 | 0.68 |
BMI classification, % (n) | Â | Â | Â | 0.24 |
 Underweight | 10 (3) | 10 (2) | 10 (1) |  |
 Normal | 47 (14) | 40 (8) | 60 (6) |  |
 Overweight | 23 (7) | 30 (6) | 10 (1) |  |
 Obesity I | 7 (2) | 5 (1) | 10 (1) |  |
 Obesity II | 10 (3) | 15 (3) | 0 (0) |  |
 Obesity III | 3 (1) | 0 (0) | 10 (1) |  |
Comorbidities, % (n) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Diabetes type II | 30 (9) | 20 (4) | 50 (5) | 0.96 |
 Hypertension | 50 (15) | 50 (5) | 50 (5) | 1.00 |
 CVD | 23 (7) | 25 (5) | 20 (2) | 0.76 |
 Dyslipidemia | 23 (7) | 25 (5) | 20 (2) | 0.76 |
Computed tomography body composition analysis, mean ± SD |  |  |  |  |
 L3 Muscle CSA (cm2) | 132.1 ± 33.9 | 146.8 ± 29.5 | 102.6 ± 20.3 | < 0.01* |
 SMI (cm2/m2) | 45.8 ± 9.2 | 49 ± 8.5 | 40.5 ± 8.4 * | 0.39 |
 SMI z-score (SD) | −0.2 ± 1.1 | −0.3 ± 1.1 | −0.1 ± 1.2 | 0.59 |
 L3 Muscle radiodensity (HU) | 30.8 ± 9.5 | 31.4 ± 10.5 | 30.4 ± 7.6 | 0.72 |
 L3 VAT CSA (cm2) | 172.3 ± 91.9 | 188 ± 97.2 | 150.6 ± 79.7 | 0.29 |
 L3 SAT CSA (cm2) | 192.8 ± 115.2 | 165.2 ± 110.7 | 247.5 ± 102.2 | 0.015* |
 L3 TAT CSA (cm2) | 377.1 ± 172.3 | 365.2 ± 173 | 409.5 ± 168.9 | 0.45 |
Muscle histological characteristics: Muscle fiber CSA (μm2), mean ± SD | 3154 ± 1408 | 3707 ± 1329 | 2047 ± 788* | < 0.01* |