Fig. 4

Lung cancer-associated muscle loss. a Representative images of vehicle (left two images) and tumor-bearing (right two images) tibialis anterior (TA) muscle cross-sections. Immunofluorescent staining for laminin (myofiber membranes, white) and DAPI (nuclei, blue). b Quantification of minimum feret diameters of myofibers from tumor-bearing and vehicle mice. Feret diameters were binned to a histogram and fit with a non-linear regression (Gaussian, least squares regression). Myofibers of tumor-bearing animals were significantly smaller than vehicle; p = 0.0142. c Wet weight of TA muscle from vehicle and tumor-bearing animals. Individual points represent individual animals. Boxes represent the inner quartile, and whiskers represent the minimum and maximum values. d Wet weight of gastrocnemius (GR) muscle from vehicle and tumor-bearing animals. Individual points represent individual animals. Boxes represent the inner quartile, and whiskers represent the minimum and maximum values. e Quantification of Pax7-positive cells per millimeter square in TA cross-sections of vehicle or tumor-bearing animals. Individual points represent individual animals. Boxes represent the inner quartile, and whiskers represent the minimum and maximum values. f Quantification of centrally located nuclei per myofiber in TA cross-sections. Individual points represent individual animals. Boxes represent the inner quartile, and whiskers represent the minimum and maximum values. g Heat map depicting 16 transcripts assessed by qPCR in gastrocnemius muscle of vehicle or tumor-bearing animals. Transcripts are sorted by the highest expression average of tumor sample from top to bottom. Orange = high expression, blue = low expression. *p < 0.05 by Student’s t test n = 5, 7-week-old male 129S2/SvPasCrl mice for each group