From: Sarcopenia: investigation of metabolic changes and its associated mechanisms
Characteristics | Non-sarcopenic (n=14) | Sarcopenic (n=8) | P value |
---|---|---|---|
Age | 78.4±8.1 | 81.4+6.3 | ns |
Sex | |||
Male | 11 (79%) | 6 (25%) | ns |
Female | 3 (21%) | 2 (75%) | |
Body measures | |||
Body weight (kg) | 76.1±15.8 | 64.6±15.2 | ns |
Body height (cm) | 167.6+8.5 | 170.5±10.1 | ns |
Body mass index (BMI) | 26.9±4.2 | 22.2±4.5 | 0.02 |
Fat mass (kg) | 27.0±10.7 | 17.3+6.5 | ns |
Fat mass percent (FM%) | 33.5±6.0 | 26.2±7.4 | ns |
Free fat mass (kg) | 51.5±10.3 | 47.3±10.7 | ns |
Free fat mass percent (FFM%) | 66.5±6.0 | 73.8±7.4 | ns |
Measures of sarcopenia | |||
Grip strength | 27.3±8.4 | 18.1±4.9 | 0.01 |
Appendicular lean mass (aLM) | 18.8±4.3 | 18.4±4.8 | ns |
Skeletal muscle index (SMI) | 6.6±0.9 | 6.3±1.3 | ns |
Sarcopenia z score | −1.67±1.21 | 0.89±1.06 | <0.001 |
Co-morbidities | |||
Smoking | 2 (14%) | 1 (13%) | ns |
Chronic lung disease | 0 (0%) | 1(13%) | ns |
Kidney disease | 2 (14%) | 2 (25.0%) | ns |
Rheumatoid arthritis (without systemic anti-inflammatory therapy) | 3 (21%) | 1 (12.5%) | ns |
Cancer (> 5 years in their anamnesis) | 3 (21%) | 4 (50%) | ns |
Parathyroid gland dysfunction | 0 (0%) | 1 (13%) | ns |
Thyroid gland dysfunction | 2 (14%) | 1 (13%) | ns |
Diabetes mellitus (DM) | 2 (14%) | 2 (25%) | ns |
Spine disease | 1 (7%) | 0 (0%) | ns |
Diarrhea | 0 (0%) | 3 (38%) | <0.05 |
Medication | |||
Regular drug intake | 13 (93%) | 7 (88%) | ns |
Corticosteroids (<7.5mg per day) | 4 (29%) | 2 (25%) | ns |
DM drug treatment | 1 (7%) | 0 (0%) | ns |
Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) | 7 (50%) | 4 (50%) | ns |
Tranquilizers | 3 (21%) | 2 (25%) | ns |
Mobility/balance problems | |||
Mobility problems | 0 (0%) | 3 (38%) | <0.05 |
Stumbling | 3 (21%) | 2 (25%) | ns |
Dizziness | 5 (36%) | 3 (38%) | ns |
Walking aid | 2 (14%) | 6 (75%) | <0.01 |
Household independent | 3 (21%) | 4 (50%) | ns |
Needs help in shopping | 1 (7%) | 5 (63%) | <0.05 |
Number of falls in the preceding year | 2 (14%) | 6 (75%) | <0.01 |
Activities | |||
Daily outside activity | 1 (7%) | 3 (38%) | ns |
Regular sports | 9 (64%) | 2 (25%) | ns |
Surgeries | 0 (0%) | 2 (12.5%) | ns |
IGF axis parameters | |||
IGF1 | 68.4±19.0* | 53.8+28.5 | ns |
IGFBP3 | 1588±430* | 1419±567 | ns |
IGF1/IGFBP3 | 16.9±5.0 | 14.2+4.1 | ns |