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Table 1 Study population characteristics

From: Sarcopenia: investigation of metabolic changes and its associated mechanisms

Characteristics

Non-sarcopenic (n=14)

Sarcopenic (n=8)

P value

Age

78.4±8.1

81.4+6.3

ns

Sex

 Male

11 (79%)

6 (25%)

ns

 Female

3 (21%)

2 (75%)

 

Body measures

 Body weight (kg)

76.1±15.8

64.6±15.2

ns

 Body height (cm)

167.6+8.5

170.5±10.1

ns

 Body mass index (BMI)

26.9±4.2

22.2±4.5

0.02

 Fat mass (kg)

27.0±10.7

17.3+6.5

ns

 Fat mass percent (FM%)

33.5±6.0

26.2±7.4

ns

 Free fat mass (kg)

51.5±10.3

47.3±10.7

ns

 Free fat mass percent (FFM%)

66.5±6.0

73.8±7.4

ns

Measures of sarcopenia

 Grip strength

27.3±8.4

18.1±4.9

0.01

 Appendicular lean mass (aLM)

18.8±4.3

18.4±4.8

ns

 Skeletal muscle index (SMI)

6.6±0.9

6.3±1.3

ns

 Sarcopenia z score

−1.67±1.21

0.89±1.06

<0.001

Co-morbidities

 Smoking

2 (14%)

1 (13%)

ns

 Chronic lung disease

0 (0%)

1(13%)

ns

 Kidney disease

2 (14%)

2 (25.0%)

ns

 Rheumatoid arthritis (without systemic anti-inflammatory therapy)

3 (21%)

1 (12.5%)

ns

 Cancer (> 5 years in their anamnesis)

3 (21%)

4 (50%)

ns

 Parathyroid gland dysfunction

0 (0%)

1 (13%)

ns

 Thyroid gland dysfunction

2 (14%)

1 (13%)

ns

 Diabetes mellitus (DM)

2 (14%)

2 (25%)

ns

 Spine disease

1 (7%)

0 (0%)

ns

 Diarrhea

0 (0%)

3 (38%)

<0.05

Medication

 Regular drug intake

13 (93%)

7 (88%)

ns

 Corticosteroids (<7.5mg per day)

4 (29%)

2 (25%)

ns

 DM drug treatment

1 (7%)

0 (0%)

ns

 Proton pump inhibitors (PPI)

7 (50%)

4 (50%)

ns

 Tranquilizers

3 (21%)

2 (25%)

ns

Mobility/balance problems

 Mobility problems

0 (0%)

3 (38%)

<0.05

 Stumbling

3 (21%)

2 (25%)

ns

 Dizziness

5 (36%)

3 (38%)

ns

 Walking aid

2 (14%)

6 (75%)

<0.01

 Household independent

3 (21%)

4 (50%)

ns

 Needs help in shopping

1 (7%)

5 (63%)

<0.05

 Number of falls in the preceding year

2 (14%)

6 (75%)

<0.01

Activities

 Daily outside activity

1 (7%)

3 (38%)

ns

 Regular sports

9 (64%)

2 (25%)

ns

Surgeries

0 (0%)

2 (12.5%)

ns

IGF axis parameters

 IGF1

68.4±19.0*

53.8+28.5

ns

 IGFBP3

1588±430*

1419±567

ns

 IGF1/IGFBP3

16.9±5.0

14.2+4.1

ns

  1. *Values are expressed in “mean± SD range” or “absolute number (percentage)”
  2. ns not significant at P<0.05